
1. As already mentioned, there's a database Auswanderung aus Südwestdeutschland with three entries for Damian Keller: ID 212916, ID 212917 and ID 281000. You can ask the Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe if they have informations about the harbour for these ID's because some people emigrated from France.
2. It's possible that the paternity of the children was acknowledged after the birth. Illegitimate births happened quite often in the 19th century. Perhaps you can check the age when they died in Brasil.
3. The records before 1810 are not available in the internet. For earlier generations you have to use FamilySearch. The catholic parish registers of Mingolsheim and Ubstadt are available on microfilm. After registration on FamilySearch you can order the film number at FamilySearch to a Family History Center nearby your home. You can also try to order the Ortsfamilienbuch Ubstadt.
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